Rabu, 15 Juni 2016

Business Plan

How to Create an Advertising Plan for a New Product

By Felicia Greene, Demand Media

Creating and bringing a product to market involves time-consuming preparation. Once the product is ready to launch, the manufacturer or distributor commonly develops an advertising plan to reach potential consumers. A knowledgeable marketing manager should oversee the advertising plan’s development, as the plan sets the tone for the product’s introduction. Although support staff feedback is valuable, strong individual leadership often facilitates a coordinated and effective advertising plan.

Step 1
List your new product sales goals and advertising budget. Work with your manufacturing department or subcontractor to develop a realistic product quantity estimate. Obtain break-even and profit projections from your accounting department. Develop measurable sales goals that reflect the product’s type, such as luxury vs. necessity, and the surrounding economic environment. Realistically divide your sales goals by an acceptable criterion. For example, assign a number of sales per salesperson or per month.
Step 2
List the product’s attributes and benefits. Define your product as it would appear to an objective observer. If you are selling an environmentally safe liquid cleaning product, for example, discuss the bottle’s appearance and size. Describe the liquid’s aroma, or lack of one. List the product’s cleaning benefits, including suitability for a home with pets and children. These attributes and benefits will form the basis for your advertising message.
Step 3
Create your target market profile. Gather detailed information about your target market. Learn about potential customers’ ages, incomes and education levels. Obtain information about your consumers’ leisure time pursuits, reading habits and dining choices. Most importantly, develop a profile of potential customers’ purchasing habits relative to the product you want to sell.
Step 4
Document your customers’ media use patterns. Complete your target market profile by identifying potential customers’ media preferences. For example, determine if your typical customer prefers a newspaper with his morning coffee or gets his national and business news from his favorite website. List the print magazines your typical customer receives, and find out if she belongs to a hobbyist book club. Obtain data on customers’ website-use patterns, but do not compromise customers’ personal information.
Step 5
Study the social media marketplace. Social networking websites represent a surprisingly formidable advertising medium. In May 2011, 88 percent of businesses marketing via social media reported additional exposure from this online message platform; 72 percent of online marketers reported higher traffic as a result of the business’s social media presence, notes Intuit Financial Services. Conduct additional research to analyze social media’s relationship with your specific product.
Step 6
Create an introductory advertising plan. Create monthly and quarterly advertising budgets. Review your product description and target market profile with your marketing team. Develop an advertising message you believe will resonate with your target market, and integrate that message into all advertising materials. Obtain rates and circulation data from print and electronic media. Select the appropriate advertising media, and specify ad size and frequency details. Arrange to work with a graphic designer who can transform your ideas into a polished, visually appealing finished product.

Modals in English Grammar

1.  can
UseExamples
ability to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be able to)can speakEnglish.
permission to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be allowed to)Can I go to the cinema?
requestCan you waita moment, please?
offercan lend you my car till tomorrow.
suggestionCan we visitGrandma at the weekend?
possibilityIt can get very hot in Arizona.

2. could

UseExamples
ability to do sth. in the past (substitute form: to be able to)could speakEnglish.
permission to do sth. in the past (substitute form: to be allowed to)could go to the cinema.
polite question *Could I go to the cinema, please?
polite request *Could you waita moment, please?
polite offer *could lendyou my car till tomorrow.
polite suggestion *Could we visitGrandma at the weekend?
possibility *It could getvery hot in Montana.

3. may

UseExamples
possibilityIt mayraintoday.
permission to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be allowed to)May I goto the cinema?
polite suggestionMay Ihelp you?

4. might

UseExamples
possibility (less possible than may) *It might raintoday.
hesitant offer *Might I help you?

5. must

UseExamples
force, necessitymust go to the supermarket today.
possibilityYou must be tired.
advice, recommendationYou must see the new film with Brad Pitt.

6. must not/may not

UseExamples
prohibition (must is a little stronger)You mustn't work on dad's computer.
You may not work on dad's computer.

7. need not

UseExamples
sth. is not necessaryneedn't go to the supermarket, we're going to the restaurant tonight.

8. ought to

simliar to should – ought to sounds a little less subjective
UseExamples
adviceYou ought to drive carefully in bad weather.
obligationYou ought to switch off the light when you leave the room.

9. shall

used instead of will in the 1st person
UseExamples
suggestionShall I carry your bag?

10. should

UseExamples
adviceYou should drive carefully in bad weather.
obligationYou should switch off the light when you leave the room.

11. will

UseExamples
wish, request, demand, order (less polite than would)Will you please shutthe door?
prediction, assumptionI think it will rain on Friday.
promisewill stop smoking.
spontaneous decisionCan somebody drive me to the station? - Iwill.
habitsShe's strange, she'llsit for hours without talking.

12. would

UseExamples
wish, request (more polite than will)Would you shut the door, please?
habits in the pastSometimes he wouldbring me some flowers.

Kamis, 28 April 2016

How To Start a Clothing Business Online

Step 1
Determine the type of clothes that you want to sell online--for instance, kids, women's, or men's clothing. You could also simply sell specific clothing items, such as ties or shoes. Look for unique, new and trendy items. Determine the target customer for your line of closing early on in the process so that you can put together an effective marketing plan to reach this audience. Be as specific as possible — for instance if you plan to sell to children, choose the age range of the children you wish to target.
 
Step 2
Establish a purchasing relationship with a clothing distributor that offers your desired items. Skip this step if you plan to manufacture and sell your own custom clothing line.
Step 3
Select an online shopping cart program that includes a sizing suggestion feature where previous customers can rate how each clothes item fits--small, large or "true to size." Upload your clothing photos as well as the corresponding descriptions, catalog numbers and prices to your shopping cart program.
 
Step 4
Apply for an account with a merchant services provider that offers Internet gateway solutions. This type of account allows your customers to submit payments to you online in exchange for the clothing. You can also accept eChecks in some cases.
 
Step 5
Establish a detailed clothing sales policy to post on your new website. This outlines your policy regarding returns and exchanges in case the clothes don't fit, as well as shipping methods, costs and delivery times.
 
Step 6
Promote your online clothing business with targeted banner and text ads placed on websites where your target buyer may frequent. Sign up for an account with an affiliate services that will allow Internet marketers to publicize your clothing website in exchange for percentage of each sale.

Latihan Soal

  1. While she was trying to read, her friend (practice) the piano.
    While she was trying to read, her friend was practicing the piano.
    2.       He (buy) several jerseys in the last two years.
    He bought several jerseys in the last two years.
    3.       She (bone) the meat later
    She will bone the meat later.
    4.       By the time you get there they already (leave).
    By the time you get there they had already leave.
    5.       I (drown). Nobody (save) me.
    I drowned. Nobody save me.
    6.       He said she not (return) the book yet.
    He said she didn’t return the book yet.
    7.       What you (darn) at the moment?
    What you darning at the moment?
    8.       She (think) her husband will buy a new fridge.
    She thought her husband will buy a new fridge.
    9.       How much you (spend) in London so far?
    How much you have spent in London so far?
    10.   In a month’s time I (learn) more words than ever.
    In a month’s time I learned more words than ever.
    11.   After he (see) the giraffe he spoke to the keeper.
    After  he saw the giraffe he spoke to the keeper.
    12.   He (buy) weed-killer when they arrested him.
    He  bought weed-killer when they arrested him.
    13.   The plumbing always (give) trouble during the summer.
    The plumbing always gives trouble during the summer.
    14.   The trout (rise) when they reached the lake.
    The trout rising when they reached the lake
    15.   You (recognize) this statue?
    Do you recognize this statue?
    16.   They say they not (perform) tomorrow.
    They say they will not perform tomorrow
    17.   What you (do) since your last recital?
    What are you doing since your last retical?
    18.   As it (rain) he put up his umbrella.
    As it raining he put up his umbrella.
    19.   They (hear) Beethoven better conducted earlier in the year.
    They heard Beethoven better conducted earlier in the year.
    20.   What (go) on here?
    What is going on here?
    21.   I only just (realize) what she meant.
    I only just realized what she meant.
    22.   I never (plant) crocuses again.
    I have never planted crocuses again.
    23.   You (enjoy) yourself when I saw you at the party?
    Do you enjoying yourself when I saw you at the party?
    24.   I (be) to the zoo and (go) while they are still talking about visiting it.
     I was in the zoo and went while they are still talking about visiting it.
    25.   She (dock) at Tilbury last week.
    She docked at Tillbury last week.
    26.   He always (accelerate) too quickly.
    He always accelerates too quickly.
    27.   You (hear) that awful noise?
    Do you hear that awful noise?
    28.   By the time the brigade arrived, the house (collapse).
    By the time the brigade arrived, the house collapsed.
    29.   I saw a new type of windscreen wiper while I (walk) round the exhibition yesterday.
    I saw a new type of windscreen wiper while I walking round the exhibition yesterday.
    30.   They (wait) to take off since ten this morning.
    They are waiting to take off since ten this morning.
    31.   She (shoot) at least three tigers in India last year.
    She has shooted at least three tigers in India last years.
    32.   We (see) what we (See)
    We saw what we have seen.
    33.   He heard an owl hooting as he (walk) through the wood.
    He heard an owl hooting as he walking through the wood.
    34.   They   (produce) a hundred shirts every day for two months now.
    They producing a hundred shirts every day for two months now.
    35.   Where you (go) when I bumped into you?
    Where did you go when I bumped into you?
    36.   Who (tell) the grasshopper to dance? The ant in the fable (do).
    Who told the grasshopper to dance? The ant in fable did.
    37.   They (wear) high heels every day last term.
    They have wore high heels every day last term.
    38.   What you (do) with a gun in your car?
    What did you do with a gun in your car?
    39.   He still not (find) his watch.
    He still not found his watch.
    40.   I (live) there several years before I found the nest.
    I have live there several years before I found the nest.
    41.   When it (sting) him?
    When it stung him?
    42.   She (like) cockles. Naturally she (prefer) lobster.
    She likes cockles. Naturally she preferred lobster.
    43.   Dragon-flies (have) very beautiful wings.
    Dragon flies has very beautiful wings.
    44.   Time and tide (wait) for no man, the saying (run).
    Time and tide are waiting for no man, the saying “run”.
    45.   I (buy) some new pruners the other day.
    I bought some new pruners the other day.
    46.   The girl in the pay box seldom (smile) nowadays.
    The girl in the pay box seldom smile nowadays.
    47.   The moment he (open) the boot the spare wheel fell out.
    The moment he opening the boot the spare wheel fell out.
    48.   Too many cooks (spoil) the broth.
    Too many cooks spoiled the broth.
    49.   He (leave) Italy by plane yesterday.
    He left Italy by plane yesterday.

Kamis, 31 Maret 2016

Latihan Soal Present Perfect dan Simple Past

Write the correct dorm of the verb in parentheses in each sentence. Choose only the simple past tense (examples: I worked, be took) or the perfect present tense (examples: I have worked, be has taken). Notice the two examples.
1. I (see) that movie already.
- I have seen that movie already
2. I (see) that movie yesterday.
- I saw that movie yesterday
3. I (read) that novel by Faulkner several times before.
- I have read that novel by Faulkner several times before
4. I (read) that novel again during my last vacation.
-  I read that novel again during my last vacation
5. Mr. Foster (study) Spanish at New York University last year.
- Mr. Foster studied at New York University last year
6. Mr. Foster (study) French in this class since last September.
- Mr. Foster had studied French in this class since  last September
7. Miss Cunningham (live) in Detroit from 1940 to 1946.
- Miss Cunningham lived in Detroit from 1940-1946
8. Miss Cunningham (live) in New York since the time.
- Miss Cunningham had lived in New York since the time
9. Our guests (have) a good time at the party last night.
- Our guests had a good time at the party last night
10. Our guests (have) a good time ever since their arrival.
- Our guests have had a good time ever since their arrival.
11. Dr. and Mrs. Duncan (see) the Coliseum  in Rome in 1948.
- Dr. and Mrs. Duncan saw the Coliseum in Rome in 1948
12. Dr. Duncan (see) the Statue of Liberty hundreds of times.
- Dr. Duncan had seen the Statue of Liberty hundreds of times.
13. The Browns (be) in Detroit twice since Christmas.
- The Browns was in Detroit twice since Christmas.
14. The Browns (be) in San Fransisco the week before last.
- The Browns had been in San Fransisco the week before last.
15. My wife and I (travel) by air many times in the past.
- My wife and I have traveled by air many times in the past.
16. My wife and I (travel) to Mexico by air last summer.
- My wife and I traveled to Mexico by air last summer.
17. The students (finish, finally) that exercise!
- The students finally finished that exercise!
18. The students (start) that exercise about three hours ago.
- The students have started that exercise about three hours ago.
19. We (receive) the boy's telegram at 08:00 p.m. last night.
- We received the boy's telegram at 08:00 p.m. last night.
20. We (send, already) them a special delivery reply.
- We have sent them a special delivery reply already.
21. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson (visit) Paris before the last war.
- Mr. and Mrs. Hanson visited Paris before the last war.
22. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson (visit) Paris many times since the war.
- Mr. and Mrs. Hanson have visited Paris many times since the war.
23. We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far.
- We have studied almost every lesson in this book so far.
24. We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.
- We studied a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.
25. I (have) a little trouble with my car last week.
- I had a little trouble with my car last week.
26. However, I (have) no trouble with my car since then.
- However, I have had no trouble with my car since then.
27. We (watch, never) the television program.
- We never have watched the television program.
28. We (watch) an interesting program on television last night.
- We watched an interesting program on television last night.
29. That tell fellow (work) here for the past three weeks.
- That tell fellow worked here for the past three weeks.
30. Formerly, he (work) for the A.B.C. Company in Boston.
- Formerly, he had worked for the A.B.C. Company in Boston.
31. Mr. Shaw is my English teacher. He (teach) here for six years.
- Mr. Shaw is my English teacher. He have had here for six years.
32. He (finish) his Ph. D. at Yale University seven years ago.
- He finished his Ph. D. at Yale University seven years ago.

Present Perfect and Past Simple



Present Perfect and Past Simple


Present Perfect Simple
Past Simple
Unfinished actions that started in the past and continue to the present:
  • I've known Julie for ten years (and I still know her).
Finished actions:
  • I knew Julie for ten years (but then she moved away and we lost touch).
A finished action in someone's life (when the person is still alive: life experience):
  • My brother has been to Mexico three times.
A finished action in someone's life (when the person is dead):
  • My great-grandmother went to Mexico three times.
A finished action with a result in the present:
  • I've lost my keys! (The result is that I can't get into my house now).
A finished action with no result in the present:
  • I lost my keys yesterday. It was terrible! (Now there is no result. I got new keys yesterday).
With an unfinished time word (this week, this month, today):
  • I've seen John this week.
With a finished time word (last week, last month, yesterday):
  • I saw John last week.


 Simple Past

Jenis Kalimat
Rumus
Contoh Simple Past Tense
positif (+)
S + Verb-2 (past tense)
S + be(was/were)
The teacher came
I was a stamp collector
negatif (-)
S + did + not + bare infinitive
S + be(was/were) + not
The teacher didn’t come
I wasn’t a stamp collector
interogatif (?)
Did + S + bare infinitive
be(was/were) + S
Did the teacher come
Was I a stamp collector
  

 Present Perfect
kalimat
Rumus
Contoh Present Perfect Tense
positif
(+)
S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3/past participle
I have read the book
He has left
negatif
(-)
S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past participle
I have not read the book
He hasn’t left
interogatif
(?)
aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past participle
Have I read the book
Has he left



sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-present-perfect-tense